Research on the effect of growth regulators on the morphological development of soybean plants under climatic stress conditions

Abstract

The earliest mentions of soybean cultivation are found in a botanical work dating from 2838 B.C., written by the chinese emperor Sheng-Nung Later, it is described in several other works and is considered the most important legume, while also being mentioned as one of the five sacred plants: rice, soybean, wheat, barley, and millet, which were essential for the existence of ancient chinese civilization. The entire biomass of the soybean plant can be utilized, but the seeds, rich in proteins (36-50%) and lipids (13-27%), are the most valuable part. Growth is the process of a stable and irreversible increase in the volume and weight of plant cells, tissues, and organs due to the continuous accumulation of dry matter resulting from biosynthetic processes, transformation, and deposition of the plant's own organic substances. Knowing the importance of the growth process, this paper presents the results obtained from a bifactorial experiment aimed at analyzing the influence of several growth regulators on the morphological development (plant height, number of leaves) of soybean plants under climatic stress conditions. The research was conducted in 2024 at A.R.D.S. Secuieni. According to the results obtained, the values of the morphological characteristics varied depending on both the variety and the treatment applied. Thus, the highest average plant height was 80.4 cm (Eugen variety, untreated), while the lowest was 62.6 cm (Eugen variety, treated with Ormet). The average number of leaves per plant ranged between 8.82 leaves per plant (Eugen variety, treated with Toprex) and 11.77 leaves per plant (Iris TD variety, untreated).