Abstract:
Many researchers from Romania and overseas showed the real
importance of soil tillage systems in crop production and the influence on
soil characteristics. The experience was carried out in the East of Romania,
in the Experimental Farm of Agricultural University of Iaşi (47 07` N, 27 30`
E), on a chambic chernozeom with a clay-loamy texture and 3,4% humus,
during
o o
2005-2006. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the
unconventional tillage systems soil compactation indicators. The experiment
was in a “divided plots design” with three replications. Plots were 60 m2
surfaces, seeded with winter wheat, in a rotation soy-bean, winter wheat,
maize. Soil bulk density is a useful parameter in studies of soil and crop
responses to machinery traffic in agriculture. To determine soil bulk density
(BD) at a soil depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 c, undisturbed 100 cm3
core
samples of 5 cm diameter were taken from all five variants after sowing,
during the growing period, and at harvesting. BD at winter wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) had the lowest value at the seeding time on 0-10 cm depth (1,14
-1,20 g/cm3
). The values become bigger on 10-20 cm layer having a the
greatest intensity in the Disk harrow variant (1,37 g/cm3
). The highest values
had been provided by Plough 20 cm, Paraplow and Disc harrow variants on
20-30 cm layer. In the variant Plough 30 cm and Chisel + rotary harrow had
been observed the smallest values (1,24 g/cm3
). At harvesting, on
unconventional tillage the BD had the biggest values on all three layers with
a maximum on Disk harrow variant at 20-30 cm depth (1,55g/cm3
).
