Abstract:
In function of soils characteristics and the organic material used in
composting process, the mixture ratio between these and the conditions in
which occurs the decomposition processes of organic matter (aerobic or
anaerobic), the compounds resulted from composting processes are different,
both as type and as weight.
From this point of view, the data from literature cannot be
generalized, these being characteristic for certain type of soil and for specific
conditions. In consequence, the determination and differentiation methods of
compounds resulted from composting processes have more a particular
character and, most time a limited applicability in practice. In this paper are
presented several utile chemical tests, both in establish of compounds nature
which are eliminated in composting processes and for to obtain of some
information about the evolution way of composting process of organic
materials.
The tests proposed by as are based on the capacity of some chemical
reagents to react selective with organic and inorganic compounds which
contains sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorous. The practical sensibility (pDp)
of tested reactions is conditioned by the nature of used reagent, chemical
mineralogical characteristics of soil samples and work conditions.
The tests have been realized on: (i) gas compounds resulted from
organic compounds decomposition by direct and indirect reactions, after gas
capitation in solutions adequate for their retention; (ii) the extracts obtained
from solid phase after experiments. As reagents were used sulphanilic acid +
α-naftilamine, diphenylamine, p-nitro-diazobenzen chloride, sodium
nitroprusiate, p-amino-dimethylamine, antimony tartrate and cadmium
acetate.
