Abstract:
This article provides a comprehensive review of the impact of cortisol on endocrine and nutritional pathologies, focusing
on how the levels of this hormone influence various conditions, including diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and other
hormonal disorders. In the context of companion animals, particularly dogs and cats, cortisol plays a crucial role,
significantly affecting the development and progression of certain endocrine diseases, with diabetes becoming an
increasingly common condition among them. By analyzing specialized literature, research, and diagnostic methods, it is
evident that cortisol secretion can be significantly influenced by physiological and pathological factors, such as stress,
endocrine disorders (such as Cushing’s syndrome and Addison’s disease), and various nutritional pathologies.
Specifically, diabetes insipidus, which can result from dysfunctions at the hypothalamic-pituitary or renal levels, is not
directly related to cortisol levels. However, cortisol testing is essential to rule out other causes of common symptoms like
polyuria and polydipsia. Overall, the evaluation of cortisol in these pathologies is crucial for accurate diagnosis, treatment
management, and improving the quality of life of affected companion animals.
