Noi micromicete parazite şi saprofite pe plantele cultivate în Moldova

Abstract

The phytosanitarian status of some micro areas or countries involves minutely research for a long time in order to identify new pathogenic agents or new host plants for the signalized pathogens. The researcher’s teams in Phytopathology and Mycology from Moldavia are concerned by phytosanitarian status over 65 years, every year signalizing the novelty regarding the parasitic fungus appeared on cultivated or spontaneous plants but also the saprophytic fungus which can become parasitic. The identified fungus are studied, and than included in “C. SanduVille” Mycological Herbarium from Moldavia which has an online index and can be accessed using the internet pages of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad, Iaşi. The results of mycological research made by the authors during 2005- 2007 on different cultivated or spontaneous plants are reveal the appearance of new signalized fungus for Romania, or new host plants for already known or rarely described fungus. The authors are studying the frequency of the pathogenic agents on cultivated or spontaneous plants, reporting in this scientific paper 2 fungi new for Romania - Colletotrichum dematium (Fr.) Grove on Levisticum officinale Koch. and Marssonina panattoniana Magn. on Lactuca sativa L., 2 fungi new for Moldavia - Rhizoctonia solani Kühn – on Vitis vinifera L. and Alternaria dauci (Kühn) Gr. et Sk. f. sp. Porri (Ellis) Neerg. – on Allium sativum L. and 4 new host plants for already known fungus: Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne it is signalized as a new host plant for Cytospora ambiens Sacc. and for Macrophoma cylindrospora (Desm.) Berl. et Vogl., Calendula officinalis L – it is a new host plant for Alternaria dauci (Kühn) Gr. et Sk. f. sp. Porri (Ellis) Neerg. and Lactuca sativa L. – it is a new host plant for Alternaria oleracea Milbr. The frequency of these fungi as well as the extending of the main pathogenic agents from the intensive crop appear year by year in the phytosanitarian status of Moldavia, considering that all farmers should be informed about the plant protection situation