Abstract:
Regulation of weeds is not easy and smooth thing in the organic
farming system, because the methods of the chemical regulation of weeds are
limited by the restrictions and legislative regulations. The protection againts
weeds is based on the complexe measures. Current methods of the evaluation
of the rate of weeds on the fields are not exact. Each variety may be
evaluated from the point of view of the morphological, biological and
economic features. After that, the competitiveness of variety to weeds may be
evaluated too. Competitive varieties must be chosen for the organic farming
system. High costs on the removing of weeds may be reduced by the selection
of the competitive varieties (mechanical and thermic regulation of weeds)
and we may avoid too high rate of weeds in such way. The method of the
direct evaluation of certain features in the agroecosystem in the growing
season may be also used for the evaluation of the suitability of wheat
varieties (Triticum L.). This method is more exact and objective than the
subjective method of the rate of weeds. In 2008, the experiments were set up
at the location at the Research Institut of the Crop Production in Praque. 59
varieties of wheat were used in the small-plot experiment (eincorn, emmer
wheat, spelta wheat, modern varieties of spring wheat, obsolete cultivar, land
race). Each feature is evaluated during the growing season (when the crop is
growing on the field). These features were evaluted in relation to the weed
competitiveness. The data were analysed by STATISTICA programme by
Cluster analysis.
