Abstract:
The use of pesticides is a necessary practice in the modern era. Therefore, it is impossible to
ignore the pesticide market, which has developed into one of the most lucrative in the world. Nowadays,
humans are subjected to many potential risks, and significant amounts of toxic compounds
enter their bodies through food, drink, and the air itself. Identification and quantification of these
hazardous compounds is crucial for the sustainable development of an increasing world population
which poses high climatic and political constraints on agricultural production systems. The maximum
residue limits for pesticides have been regulated by the Codex Alimentarius Commission and
European Union to protect human health. In this review, we have summarized and explained the
analytical methods for pesticide extraction and determination. Also, sustainable viticulture practices
like organic vineyards, tillage, biopesticides, nanobiopesticides, and precision viticulture are briefly
discussed. These new techniques allow wine growers to be more profitable and efficient, while
contributing to the reduction of pests and increasing the quality of wines.
