Abstract:
The experimental results regarding the changes in the properties of degraded arable ordinary chernozem from southern
zone of Moldova and agricultural crops harvests in 5-field crop rotation with incorporation into the soil of one and two
harvests of vetch green mass as organic fertilizer are presented. The results carried out in 2015-2019 showed that the
introduction in the first agricultural year by disking into the soil of two green mass of vetch, led to restoration of the
physico-chemical properties of the arable layer 0-20 cm and increased crop productions. The bulk density of 0-20 cm
soil layer from unfavorable state became very favorable, the resistance to penetration from high and very high, became
extremely low and low, which contributed to the easy penetration into soil of plant roots. The soil structure became
agronomical favorable. The hydrostability of soil aggregates not soil layers 0-10 and 0–20 cm did not change, that is
explained by the texture peculiarities of ordinary chernozem (loamy-dusty with high fine sand content). The porosity
values correlate with the bulk density are favorable for a normal regime of soil aeration. The humus content increased
by 0.16-0.26% in five years. The money value of the 4-year harvest increase was 18 080 MDL or 1090$. The results
conducted in 2015-2019 confirmed that the preventive restoration of the quality state of the degraded arable soils is
absolutely necessary to be carried out until the implementation or in the process of using the conservative agriculture
system, based on No-till or Minimum-till technologies.
