Behavior of some eggplant cultivars (Solanum melongena L.) at the pathogens attack in greenhouse and field

Abstract

The experiences organized at RDIVFG. Vidra in 2016 had as main purpose the assessment of different varieties and eggplants hybrids on the specific soil and climate conditions in the Vidra area. Six eggplant cultivars were studied, 3 romanians created at RDIVFG Vidra (Belona, Andra F1 and L (Luiza x Pop Unirea) and 3 foreign (Estelle F1, Sharapova F1 and Madrid F1) in greenhouse and field. There were made assessments regarding the occurrence and evolution of the pathogen attack (Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani and Verticillium dahliae) in correlation with the environmental factors, the frequency and severity of the attack on the basis of which it was calculated the degree of attack. Also, observations have been made on the number of fruit per plant, the average fruit weight, yield and fruit quality. Among Romanian cultivars, the best yield was obtained at Andra F1 7.35 kg / sqm in greenhouse and 6.26 kg / sq m in the field. Among the foreign hybrids, have been highlighted Sharapova F1 with 9.04 respectively 7.8 kg / sq m yield and Estelle F1 with 8.44 respectively 6.63 kg / sq m in greenhouse respectively in the field. In greenhouse the average yield was higher with 10.1 t / ha comparatively with the field, and the quality I of yield was higher with 10.4 t / ha. The most sensitive hybrid of Verticillium dahliae (verticillium wilt) is Sharapova F1 (FA = 36.4%; GA = 15.9%), followed by Madrid F1 (FA = 36.4%, GA = 13.6%) and Estelle F1 (FA = 27.3%, GA = 18.2%). Among the varieties / hybrids created at RDIFG Vidra, Belona was not attacked by Verticillium dahliae and Andra F1 showed a low sensitivity.