The effect of supplemental oxygenation and LED lighting on root development and carbohydrate content in lettuce grown in the NFT system (Nutrient Film Technique)

Abstract

The NFT system is a type of hydroponics where a thin layer of nutrient solution constantly circulates over the plant roots. This ensures continuous access to water, nutrients, and oxygen, which promotes rapid and healthy plant growth. Controlling the conditions in this system, such as oxygen levels and lighting, plays a crucial role in the efficiency of photosynthesis and, implicitly, in carbohydrate content. Oxygen is essential for plant growth, especially for the roots, as it aids in root respiration. In hydroponic systems like NFT, water and nutrients are recirculated, and the oxygen level in the nutrient solution can affect plant metabolism, including carbohydrate synthesis. Supplemental oxygenation of the nutrient solution can improve nutrient uptake and photosynthesis, which could increase carbohydrate levels in lettuce. LED lights are frequently used in plant cultivation because they are energy-efficient and can be adjusted to provide the light spectrum necessary for photosynthesis.