Piaţa cerealelor boabe în România: dimensiuni, consum, preţuri

Abstract

Generally speaking,the market of cereal-grains can be considered as a weather glass, because it contains in its structure important products for human food and also it has to anticipate the possible changes that can appear in the economic environment. Due to the strong tradition of Romanian people in bread consumption, the market of cereal-grains becomes more important, gaining the first place in the structure of the agrarian market. From the point of view of its size, the average surface ocupied by crops in the period 2000-2006, was of 5,44 mil. hectares, out of which : wheat - 36,7 %, maize - 52,5 %, other cereals - 10,8 %. The total offer of cereal-grains was inconstant, due to the numerous factors which influenced it. That is why the average Romanian offer of cereals in the period 2000-2006 was of 14,4 mil. tons, being due to 640 Kg/inhabitant out of which 220 Kg wheat-grains. In the poor countries, the consumption of cereal-grains is dedicated in a proporti-on of 69-74 % to human food and in a proportion of 15-20 % to animal nourishment, while in the developped countries, the consumption of cereal-grains is dedicated in a proportion of 21 % to human food and in a proportion of 61-63 % to animal nourishment. The total consumption of cereal-grains increased with 56,8 % at maize and 10,4 % at wheat, comparing to the year 2000. Regarding the annual average consumption of cereal-grains (equivalent to flour) per inhabitant, Romania is situated on the second place in Europe, with a consumption of 168-175 kg. For the year 2007, it is expected a rise in consumption with 38 % comparing to EU-15 and with 5 % comparing to CEEC-10. The sale prices varied having an accelerated tendency of increase.