Maize productivity in according to fertilization level on the cambic chernozem in long-term experiences

Abstract

The evaluation results of the maize-grain yield cultivated on the Сhernozem Сambic according to the level of fertilization and agrometeorological conditions of the years 2012-2017 are presented. Maize-grain yields obtained from the unfertilized variant (witness) varied from 2.25 t/ha to 6.03 t/ha. Administration of fertilizers on the natural background on average for 5 years led to the increase of maize yields from 3.48 t/ha to 5.47 t/ha, the production crop yield was 27-57%. At phosphorus levels, the crop yield increased from 11 % on the level of 1.5 mg to 25-28 % on the level of 3.0-3.5 mg/100 g of mobile phosphorus in soil versus the background level N120K30 mg/100 of soil. In the P3.5K30 mg/100 of soil (PK) variant, the increase in harvest vs. control was 27%. In nitrogen variant on the PK background in doses of 30-150 kg/ha the increase in maize production was 39-57% compared to the control variant and 12-30% to PK variant. The optimal soil phosphorus level for cambic chernozem in grain maize cultivation was 3.0-3.5 mg/100 g of soil (Machigin method) and the optimal nitrogen doses were 90-120 kg/ha.