Aspecte privind fertilizarea minerală şi organică asupra recoltei de floarea-soarelui în condiţiile din Câmpia Moldovei

Abstract

Sunflower, one of the most important cultivated plants of big crop from in our country, has known lately a great explosion, thanks to new hybrids inserts in the cultivate system, with a big productivity and pests and disease resistance, as for the profitableness in what matter the oil production. Sunflower is an oleic plant because of it contain (the fruit - akene) very reach in oil, which often goes over 50% from dry substances, while coarse - ground grits are the main sub product. The productions obtained lately on this oleic plant are most encouraging, which had determed the import and the adaptation to the Romanian specific condition of the new hybrids, most productively. Culture technique and as part of this, fertilization particularly, is a very important link, for showing the productivity of this hybrids, also the quantity of obtained oil. This experiment took place in the agrochemical experimental field, which is a part of agrochemical branch of science. The locations is at SDE Ezăreni, an experimental farm of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi, studying the influence of combined fertilization (organic and mineral) on sunflower crop production, during 2005 – 2006 agriculture year. By using both organic and mineral fertilization, we register some obvious differences from unfertilized variant. The most highly production grows are obtained at N100P80K80 fertilization variant and by using potassium in highly dozes diminish the toxic effect of nitrogen fertilizers. The most productive hybrid remains Barolo, which marks a record of production at 4152,3 kg/ha akene. Aldaba hybrid, in spite of it lowest production record, is very equitable from nutrition point of view.