Studiul indicatorilor biodiversitatii sub influenta tratamentelor fitosanitare in agroecosistemul culturilor de cereale paioase

Abstract

Maintaining of biodiversity is necessary not only for preserving of life on earth in present, but for the future, for the next generations, due to it preserve ecological equilibrium at the regional and global level, guarantee regeneration of biological resources and maintaining of environmental quality, absolutely necessary to the society. Aim of researches which are on the basis of this work, consist in establishing of fauna study of arthropods community of invertebrates referring abundance, establishing of influence of different schemes of treatments on biodiversity indicators, taking into consideration that any kind of pesticide treatment has an evident or less evident influence on specific structure of fauna and on quantity of individuals from the same species which is in culture aroecosystems, wheat Dropia. Establishing of quantitative and qualitative structure of epigeic fauna of fauna from soil level was done with Barber traps were situated in 3 replicates /variant. In the same variants were installed yellow sticky traps type Pherocone AM (2/variant) which were let till the next opening of Barber traps (approximately 1 week), when they were replaced, read and interpreted. Epigeic fauna was collected during one week from 11.07 till 30.09 in 6 soil traps (6 times). Traps were filled with 4% formaldehyde and opened for 7 days. At the data when were counted soil traps it was done a visual counting of specimens captured on Pherocone AM, these were replaced, after that were analyzed 8 areas on 9 cm2 , total 72 cm2 , being identified captured fauna, and it was registered pest and useful fauna captured on wheat plants by mown with entomological net (30 double mown=10 m2 ), in 4 replicates. Specimens captured in soil traps or on wheat plants, were preserved in 700 alcohols and identified in laboratory. Taking into consideration that not all the specimens could be identified till the species level, their identifying was done till the level of genus, family, order or class. Invertebrate community structure from the variants was compared by calculating Sörensen Similarity Index. At the data when were visited traps it was done a visual acount of pest and useful fauna. Obtained data sustain the idea that predator species from soil level and from the plants could be biodiversity indicators.