Abstract:
Among the main limitative factors for the agricultural production
manifesting according to the local pedoclimatic conditions we should
mention excessive humidity, floods, reduced permeability and soil
compaction, erosion processes, landslides and others.
In order to improvethe production capacity of the agricultural lands,
drainage works as well as works of diking and regularization, underground
drainage and other operations to combat soil erosion were carried out across
time. In the sector from the hydrographic basin Păltinoasa-Drăguşeni of
Moldova river there have been arranged, in the period 1978-1980, 3 systems of
drainage (Rotopăneşti-Rădăşeni-Fântâna Mare, Drăgoieşti-Berchişeşti,
Bogdăneşti-Baia) and the system of irrigation and drainage Băişeşti
Dumbrava on a total surface of 8761 ha drained, of which 2559 ha with
undergroung drainage works. In the period 1980-1985 drainage works have
been carried out, from the system Băişeşti-Dumbrava, on a surface of 552 ha
and completed with a undergroung drainage network on a surface of 500 ha.
Through constituting and reconstituting the property right, according
to Law no. 18/1991, the arable surface was fragmented by the individual
execution of soil workings leading, in time, to a modelling in bands with
crests, widths, diffrences of level and transversal slopes which vary
according to the width of the parcels, the way they are used and the
equipments used in agricultural workings. Thus, maximum transversal slopes
of 11.8% and level differences of 0.558 m have been measured.
Considering the fact that the application of Law 18/1991 did not have
in view the ditance between the absorbant drain lines and their orientation,
the parcels modelled in bands with crests may be perpendicular on the
absorbant drain lines, in which case the gutters intercept the drain lines or
they can be parallel with these, and in this case the absorbant drains may be
positoned under the gutters, at a certain distance between the gutters and the
crests and under the crests.
The functional efficiency of the absorbant drains on the surfaces with
individual parcels oriented perpendicularly on the absorbant drain lines is
almost equal to the one obtained in the case of drains placed under the
gutters on the parcels parallel with drain lines.
