Abstract:
Nowdays, wheat is the most important crop for organic farming
system in the Czech republic. However, the varieties breeded and tested in
the conditions of organic farming system are still missing. It gives rise to very
low level of yield (less than 50% of level of convention one). That´s why the
working version of the methodical procedure has been conceived. The
methodology takes the different ideotype of plant that´s suitable for the
environment-friendly farming systems into account. The methodology is
being tested at several varieties and species of genus Triticum L. (wheat –
winter wheat, spring wheat, landraces, conventional varieties and the
varieties recommended for organic farming system, emmer wheat). It´s based
on the Methodology of Central institute for Supervising and Testing in
Agriculture of Czech republic for tests of VCU (Value for Cultivation and
Use) (part of biological characteristics – resistance to diseases), the
Classificator of genus Triticum L., which is used for the international
evaluation of genetic ressources (part of morphological and economic
characters). Some characters are also evaluated according to the handbook
of Cereal variety testing for organic and low input agriculture (especially
most problematic ones which have been defined by Wolfe, 2002 –
competitivness to weeds, nutrient uptake and use efficiency, etc.). The
methodology is divided into four parts: morphological, biological, economic
and quality characters. It has been conceived to permit the testing of
varieties on several levels. First level is proposal of features for screening of
genetic ressources. The second level is testing of suitability of varieties for
above mentioned farming systems. The third and very important is possibility
of testing varieties directly in organic farm conditions by the farmers.
