Bacterial diseases of the digestive organs of weaned piglets in extensive and intensive breeding

Abstract

Very intensive expansion of breeding capacities, early weaning of piglets from inadequate microclimatic conditions, and inadequate nutrition in different production categories caused the appearance of production-related technological diseases. Diseases of the digestive organs are a significant part of pig pathology. Of the enteric diseases, great importance belongs to dysentery. It is characterized by long-term germination and a large number of vectors. Two diseases that were previously considered to be atypical forms of dysentery, resulting from a shortened period of medication and resistance of the causative agent to an exemplary antibiotic, today appear as separate entities. The first is so-called proliferative enteropathy, and the second is spirochaetal colitis. Both of these diseases are present in pig herds with different management, often in pig herds with high health status, after the elimination of the causative agent of dysentery. Coli infections are present mainly in weaned piglets and appear in the second week after weaning. In our conditions, the disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, rarely on the basis of pathomorphological changes. On controlled farms (5 commercial farms and 10 extensive breeding farms), a clinical examination of the herd of pigs was performed. Rectal swabs were taken. We separated the sick animals into special boxes and monitored their health. The number of weaned piglets in the weaned category was variable. The number of dead pigs in the fattening category is particularly surprising. The aim of this review is to provide information on bacterial diseases of the digestive organs of weaned piglets in two housing systems and to provide a solution.