Researches regarding weed control in winter wheat in the context of climate changes

Abstract

The aim of the researches carried out in Tămădăul Mare village from Călăraşi county, during 2015-2018 was the weeds control in winter wheat crop. The segetal flora that infests wheat crops in Romania is varied both in species and especially as a species-related relationship, being subject to permanent changes, especially in the context of climatic changes. The changes occurred in the structure of the segetal flora represent the qualitative and quantitative expression of the influence of the soil seed stock dynamics, of the changes in the plant cultivation technology and of the weed control management, of the climatic variations and, last but not least, of the influences related to the economic and social factors. These changes involve and justify permanent monitoring of weed structure and dynamics in a certain territory in order to establish the most effective and rational methods of control, having the effect of reducing the yield losses. In wheat cultivated fields, aspects related to: the dynamics of the degree of weed infestation, the identification of the problematic weeds, the criteria for choosing the most effective herbicides and the optimal moments of application were studied. The best results in weed control of autumn wheat crops were obtained by integrating agrotechnical, phytotechnical and chemical measures, conclusion resulting also from this study.