Massive ovarian cyst in a guinea pig: surgical insights

Abstract

Ovarian cystic disease is a common condition in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Surgical intervention is considered the definitive treatment, effectively preventing disease recurrence, progression, and complications. A 5-year-old female guinea pig was referred to our clinic with nonspecific signs of lethargy and gastrointestinal disturbances that had emerged over the previous week. Diagnostic imaging identified a large abdominal mass, consistent with a cyst, extending throughout the right hemiabdomen, warranting immediate surgical intervention. Safe removal of the cyst via an ovariectomy procedure was performed with particular attention to the species-specific anatomical and physiological challenges. Managing the adhesions that had formed with the intestinal mass proved to be a complex step, requiring precise dissection to ensure secure and complete removal. Histopathological analysis of the mass revealed a ciliated cuboidal to columnar epithelium lining the cyst cavity, originating from the rete ovarii, indicative of a serous cystadenoma. This study highlights the importance of early detection and emphasises the role of elective spaying in preventing severe complications. It also provides valuable surgical insights for veterinary practitioners by documenting the largest ovarian cyst reported in a guinea pig. The case presents a detailed approach to managing species-specific challenges, with the aim of improving clinical outcomes for these patients.