Analiza sistemului de lucrare a solului la cultura de soia în condiţiile de la SCDA Secuieni

Abstract

The interest for soy culture grow up in the last time as a result of feverish seeking on world plan of products which cover the deficit of protein from animal and human food. The quick progress registered into the domain of complex agricultural machines construction, in fighting against herb and crops fertilization, rise new problems, which needs a continuous approach of soil work methods to obtain a high economical and agro-technical efficacy. The work proposes itself to make an analysis of some variants of soil work at soy culture for grain, within the condition of SCDA Secuieni – Neamt. The experience was stationary for a crop rotation of three years (soy – wheat – corn) and present the data obtained at soy culture during the period 2005 – 2007. The basis works was made with the equipment composed from tractor U650 and carried plough PP3x30 with Cizel equipped with rigid devices MC-2,5 and harrow with disks GD3,2 + LN. The preparing works for germinal bed have been composed from two works with harrow with disks and the other works was in accordance with the technology proper to zone culture. The matters followed were: the production of grain (kg/ha), consumption of fuel (l/ha, l/t of product), some physical qualities of soil (apparent density, penetration resistance, spare of water from soil) the degree of herb spreading and their connection with the productions obtained within climatic condition from experimental period. The production obtained had a great variability, 1093 – 3633 kg/ha and were directly correlated with soil works effectuated and influenced by the existing environment conditions. After the average of period 2005 – 2007 the choice of some unfit devices for effectuation of soil basis works caused production decreases up to 863kg/ha (30,5%). These damages were bigger (1239kg/ha) representing 37% in the condition of year 2007, extremely droughty, underlining the necessity of improvement of soil works system also in accordance with the existing conditions from the culture year.