Abstract:
The most well-known anionic clays are the hydrotalcite-like layered
double hydroxides (LDHs). Different minerals have been utilized to generate
a bewildering array of materials, all of which function as anionic clays. The
anionic clays exhibit anion sorption, anion diffusion and exchange properties
together with surface basicity making them materials of importance for many
modern applications. These anionic clays are useful in agriculture due their
physical and chemical properties, which decrease the pollution effects, in
order to obtain organic products. The present study has been carried out to
develop the potential of LDH as plant nutrients, pesticides and growth
regulators of plants. It is known that serious environmental problems arise
from the use of pesticides. Application of LDH in pesticide formulations is
currently attracting interest. To increase pesticide efficiency and to reduce
their leaching into the air and water, the intercalation into layers of LDH is a
good solution, because the LDH effectively protect unstable pesticides
against volatilization and photo-degradation, which lead to increasing
frequency and dose of herbicide treatment. In this work, a study concerning
the effects of some nanocomposites (anionic clay containing the pesticid
chlorothalonil) on plant growth is presented. Seeds of corn (Zea mays) and
wheat (Triticum sativum) were put into Petri dishes on double filter paper
together with suspensions from these nanocomposites. Then the germinated
seeds from control variant and treated ones are planted in boxex and they
developed in Biophysics Department Laboratory. The dynamic of
germination and the growth has been monitorized during the first
phenophase of growth. The content of photosynthetic pigmens and the
aminoacid content from plant leaves has been determined
spectrophotometrically. Our results showed that the nanocomposites could
modify the plant growth by controlled release of the pesticide.
