Abstract:
The paper presents the influence of sodium nitrite on the cell division
at Triticum aestivum L., Rubin variety. The treatments with sodium nitrite
was used in three concentrations: 5%, 1% and 0.1%. The time of action of
the respectively solutions was 4 hours and 2 hours, six experimental variants
have resulted. The treatments actioned of on wheat radicular meristems,
were expressed by chromosomial mutations, particular in ana-telophases, but
in metaphases. The types of chromosomial aberrations in wheat radicular
meristems, induced by sodium nitrite are very varied: bridges, fragments,
complex multipolar ana-telophases, micronuclei. The rate of this types of
chromosomial aberrations was differentiated depending on the concentration
function and time of action of respective chemical agent. Beside of these
types of chromosomial aberrations appear metaphases with picnotic
chromosomes, chromatin bridges very thick known with denomination
cytomixiy, also picnotic nuclei in high rate, genetically inert. Last types of
cromosomial aberrations are considered special effects of sodium nitrite.
Moreover, sodium nitrite has a inhibitory effect on mitotic division of
Triticum aestivum, diminish the mitotical index, in correlation with the
concentration and time of action by sodium nitrite The cells reacted
differently in each phase of mitotic division to the action of the chemical
agent. The experiment proved that sodium nitrite known as a polluting agent
and a food additive has a real mutagenic potential and inhibitory upon
vegetable mitotical cells.
