Occurrence and frequency of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.Sp. tritici) of winter wheat in Nord-East of Romania, between 2015-2018

Abstract

Wheat crop are damaged by numerous pathogens, which can produce important yields losses. Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f.sp. tritici Em. Marchal, anamorph Oidium monilioides Link. is an important pathogen present annually in wheat fields, and yield losses attributed to this disease range from 13% to 34%, when the degree of infestation is low, but in the cases when the pressure of infection is high the losses can be over 50%, reaching even the total production compromise. The paper presented the behavior of 35 winter wheat cultivars, represented by Romanian varieties: 11368G1, 11424G1, 11838G8, Boema, Glosa, Izvor, Litera, Miranda FDL, Otilia, Pajura, Pitar, Semnal, Unitar, Ursita, Vestitor, Voevod, Voinic, Zamolxe, Zina, Zamfira, respectively from A.R.D.S. Turda: Andrada, Codru, Dumbrava, T.19-10, T.42-05, T.55-01, T.62-01, T.95-12, T.109-12, T.118-11, T.123-11, T.124-11, T.143-11, T.150-11 and Bezostaia 1 (control variant) based on the dates obtained in three years of field trials (2015-2018), performing at Didactic Station Iasi - Ezăreni Farm. The winter wheat varieties exhibited a wide variability over the studied pathogen, during the study period, variability determined by the characteristics of the agricultural year and by each winter wheat variety.