Abstract:
The aim of this paper was to identify the clinical and paraclinical diagnostic elements of acute diarrheal syndrome in
dogs, useful in streamling of treatment. The clinical diagnosis in haemorrhagical acute diarrheal was easy to establish
given the profoundly altered general condition with cortical inhibition and melena; sometimes it has been clinically
evolve as dysentery (frequent bloody defecation). In catarrhal acute diarrheal, it can sometimes be profuse (exhausting),
accompanied by alteration of the patient's general condition and drowsiness. The ultrasonographical examination
revealed inflammation of the intestinal wall with a hyperechoic appearance and a halo exterior hypoechogenic
corresponding to parietal congestion. The haematological examination revealed hypochromic, normocytic anaemia and
a systemic inflammatory syndrome (increased WBC=17.2±0.3x10³/mm³, decreased RBC=5.3±0.4x106/mm³,
HGB=11.8±0.4 g/dl and CHEM=31.0±0.2 g/dl). The blood biochemical examination showed subclinical liver failure
without impairment of renal and exocrine pancreas functions. The sero-haemorrhagical acute diarrhea had clinically
manifested by cyclic episodes of diarrhea. The radiological examination revealed inflammation of the intestinal mucosa
and the presence of superficial ulcers, and the coproparasitological examination confirmed cryptosporidiosis. On the
other hands, the sero-haemorrhagical acute diarrhea was the consequence of traumatic gastroenteritis, confirmed by
radiological exam (dense, radiolucent contents in the gastrointestinal mass). In this situation, the haematological
examination revealed a systemic inflammatory process (increased WBC=18.0±0.3x10³/mm³) and hypochromic,
normocytic anemia (decreased CHEM=31.8±0.3 g/dl). The blood biochemical examination revealed subclinical liver
failure (increased ALT=88.2±0.3 IU/L and ALP=120.3±0.4 IU/L, values only).
