The degree of helminth infestation of the ecaudate amphibians depending on the biotic factors

Abstract

The paper presents data on the identification of the helminth fauna structure of ecaudate amphibians depending on the biotic factors. 133 specimens of ecaudata amphibians (Ranidae, Bufonidae) was studied from Central Forest (Codrii Reservation, Ciuciuleni village) and in the natural ecosystem - the Dniester River, from the village of Talmaza from the Stefan-Voda district. As result of helminthological investigations, it was established that the structure of the helminth fauna of ecaudate amphibians species is characterized by 17 helminths species: Haematoloechus variegatus Rudolphi, 1819; Codonocephalus urniger Rudolphi, 1819; Opisthioglyphe ranae Froelich, 1791; Paralepoderma brumpti Buttner, 1951; Prosotocus confusus Looss, 1894; Tylodelphys excavata Rudolphi, 1803; Diplodiscus subclavatus Pallas, 1760; Parastrigea robusta Szidat, 1928, Strigea falconis Szidat, 1928; Gorgodera varsoviensis Sinitzin, 1905; Haplometra cylindracea Zeder, 1800; Pleurogenoides medians Olsson, 1876, Cosmocerca ornata Dujardin, 1845; Oswaldocruzia filiformis Goeze, 1782; Icosiella neglecta Diesing, 1851; Spirocerca lupi Rudolphi, 1809; Acanthocephalus ranae Schrank, 1788, which from a taxonomic point of view fall into 3 classes (Trematoda, Secernentea, Palaeacanthocephala), 7 orders (Plagiorchiida, Echinostomida, Diplostomida, Ascaridida, Strongylida, Spirurida, Echinorhynchida), 16 families (Omphalometridae, Haematoloechidae, Plagiorchiidae, Lecithodendriidae, Gorgoderidae, Diplodiscidae, Diplostomatidae, Pleurogenidae, Diplodiscidae, Strigeidae, Macroderoididae, Cosmocercidae, Molineidae, Onchocercidae, Spirocercidae, Echinorhynchidae) and 17 genera (Haematoloechus, Codonocephalus, Opisthioglyphe, Paralepoderma, Prosotocus, Gorgodera, Tylodelphys, Diplodiscus, Parastrigea, Strigea, Haplometra, Pleurogenoides, Cosmocerca, Oswaldocruzia, Icosiella, Spirocerca, Acanthocephalus). It was found that the diversity of helminth fauna of the studied amphibians is structured depending on the host species, so the greatest diversity of helminthes in amphibians in the family Ranidae was established in Rana ridibunda and Rana lessonae with 17 species, and the lowest diversity in Rana dalmatina species - with 5 species of helminths, and for the species from the Bufonidae family, no different values were established, so each species being infested with 3 species of helminthes. It was determined that the helminth fauna of the amphibians investigated according to the age of the host shows divergent values, so that in the juveniles of the Rana ridibunda species the infestation with only 4 species of helminthes was established. The diversity and intensity of helminth infestation of ecaudate amphibians has been established.