Fasciolosis, morphophysiological changes in ruminants

Abstract

The article presents data of the level of infestation of adult cattle (4-6 years) and bulls (23-25 months) with Fasciola hepatica in different periods of time and in households with different maintenance technologies. The results of parasitological research carried out in households with various maintenance technologies of the Republic, during the years 1986-1987, as well as after a large number of animals were redeployed from complexes and farms to private households (2001-2002) demonstrated that adult cattle were infested with fasciola in 66.4% of cases, or by 35.8% more than in the period of 1986-1987, and bulls - in 46.1% of cases, respectively by 30, 4% more. In order to establish the nutritional value of muscle tissue and liver in cattle infested with fasciola, the content of vitamins A, E, B1, B2, C, micro- and macroelements Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, P was determined and deviations were determined major in the content of these indices. In the body of animals infested with fasciola, associations of highly pathogenic colibacilli, staphylococci, streptococci, aerobic and anaerobic bacilli are formed, the synergistic pathogenic action of which causes major modifications in the host's body, and in some cases even lethal conditions. Thus, in the primary infestation with fasciolae metacercariae, the highest level of infection of the liver with aerobic bacteria (colibacilli, staphylococci, streptococci) was established on the 60th day (the acute stage of the disease, young fasciolae actively migrate into the liver parenchyma). Then the number of bacteria in the liver and bile gradually decreases, which is explained by the immunological transformations that take place in the animal's body (the bactericidal activity of bile and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils increases, as well as the concentration of specific antibodies against bacteria) and the significant decrease in the rate of destruction of liver parenchyma by adult trematodes.