Abstract:
Due to the natural energy
sources used in constructed wetlands,
minimal energy and chemicals are required
for wastewater treatment. For the successful
wastewater treatment via constructed
wetlands, adequate pretreatment and a
sufficient amount of oxygen are crucial.
Constructed wetlands can be used to treat
industrial wastewater, such as wastewater
from the dairy industry, with prior
degreasing. This study was conducted on a
horizontal flow pilot constructed wetland
located on a plot of land used by the
Biotechnical Faculty in Bihać. The
constructed wetland consisted of two fields
planted with rushes (Typha latifolia) and
reeds (Phragmites australis). The substrate
and plants were not changed during the
experimental period. We monitored the
efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment
(wastewater from the dairy industry) by
season, varying the flow rate as well as the
hydraulic retention time of the water in the
device. The quality of the influent and
effluent was monitored by determining
analytical parameters. The constructed
wetland showed the highest efficiency in the
summer period, with a hydraulic retention
time of 6 days, with removal efficiencies of
98.03% for ammonia, 98.19% for total
nitrogen, 95.27% for total phosphorous,
94.50% for COD and 97.73% for BOD5. The
organic substance removal efficiency across
all four seasons was 94.68%.
