Abstract:
In a field experiment from
2020–2023 on the southern chernozems of
the Odessa region of Ukraine, we studied the
effect of the doses and timing of mineral
nitrogen application when growing winter
peas on the tuberization process and crop
productivity. Mineral nitrogen in doses of
30, 45 and 60 kg/ha in the form of
ammonium nitrate was applied in different
development phases of winter peas under
seedbed cultivation: foliar top dressing with
urea solutions during the resumption of
spring vegetation, the budding phase and the
beginning of grain filling. Winter pea of the
Enduro variety was sown annually on
October 20, with a row spacing of 15 cm and
a rate of 1.2 million germinating seeds per
hectare. The previous crop was winter
wheat. The conditions of the Southern
Steppe of Ukraine for winter sown peas were
shown for the first time. The introduction of
mineral nitrogen at a rate of 30–60 kg/ha
into the soil during sowing inhibited the
formation of nodules from the active spring
growth phase. The mass of nodules on the
roots of pea plants decreased by 30–50%
compared to the control variant without
nitrogen application. The same norms of
mineral nitrogen introduced in early spring
during the resumption of vegetation on the
leaf in the form of aqueous solutions did not
have a negative impact on tuberization. The
correlation coefficient between the dose of
mineral nitrogen and the number and weight
of nodules did not exceed 0.37, indicating a
weak relationship between these indicators.
The share of influence of mineral nitrogen
norms did not exceed 13.7%. With this
method of application, the nitrogen content
in the vegetative mass of winter peas
exceeded the control variant by 18–27%.
