Cytogenetic research regarding species with ornamental value identified in the North-east area of Romania

Abstract

In the paper are presented data regarding the number of somatic chromosome determine at three species of plants with ornamental value from spontaneous flora of Romania (Allium ursinum L., Centaurea phrygia L., Dianthus armeria L.) and cultivated in the experimental field to evaluate the adapt capacity, aiming to use them in crops. For chromosome study was used a root tip meristem obtained from plantlets aged 3-7 days. Chromosome was stained by Feulghen method, and the samples were examined at optic microscope Motic, relevant images being assumed by a video camera and processed with its soft. The obtained results were compared with the ones already existed in the literature, at populations from other ecologic and geographic areas. So at Allium ursinum, from Dobrovăţ forest (Iaşi area) all the analysed individuals had a chromosome number 2n=2x=14, specie being characterized by a great karyological stability. Studies made on Centaurea phrygia, from Neamţ area, show the presence of tetraploid individuals, with 4n=44 chromosomes. The specie is known as a diploid one, with chromosome number 2n =2x=22, but many authors confirm the existence of diploid and tetraploid populations, separated by geography and ecology. Population of Dianthus armeria, identified in Ia i area (Bîrnova forest), is a mixt population with x=15, formed by tetraploid individuals 4n=60, but in which could be found also a minor diploid cytotype with chromosome number 2n=30.