Abstract:
From 1994 - 2016, the
Research Station for Fruit Growing (RSFG)
Iași approved 28 cherry cultivars, of which
three were early cultivars (Cetăţuia, Cătălina
and Amaris), 20 were middle maturation
cultivars (Maria, Golia, Ştefan, Bucium,
Iaşirom, Tereza, Lucia, Radu, Oana, Alexus,
Andreiaş, Ludovan, Cociuvaş, Iosifan,
Paulică, Mihailis, Muşatini, Elaiaşi, Amar
Maxut, and Amar Galata), and five had late
maturation (Andante, Marina, Croma,
Margonia, and George). Van, as the most
widespread cultivar in Romanian orchards,
was used as a control. The sweet cherry
cultivars were created through direct
hybridisation or free pollination. Maria
Cultivar is the first Romanian self-fertile
cultivar. The locally approved bitter cherry
biotypes are Amar Maxut with black fruit,
Amar Galata with double-coloured fruit, and
Amaris with dark red fruit. Regarding the
tree’s vigour, cultivars Amaris, Tereza,
Ştefan, and Golia recorded weak vigour, in
comparison with the other cultivars, which
had medium vigour. Bitter-tasting cherry
cultivars have semi-firm pulp with semiadherence
to the stone, and the fruit weight
was under 7 g. All 28 cultivars presented
high precocity, productivity, fruit quality,
and resistance to frost, drought, and diseases.
