Abstract:
There were identified the causes that led to the worsening situation and land deterioration in the vineyards: the irrational
parceling of vineyard plantations by privatizing former household; the considerable decrease of soil fertility in
vineyards due to the lack of funds to combat erosion and losses of nutrients; the abandonment of over 50 000 hectares
of vineyards due to low yields (2.0 to 2.5 t ha-1
of grapes); the lack of funds for clearing the old vineyards; the excessive
spread the species of weeds, crop diseases and pests harmful to the vines due to the lack of pesticides; relocation of the
new plantations from slops typical for viticulture (occupied with the old vineyards) on the inadequate land (dales, vales,
meadows, etc.); the soil pollution of vineyards with residues of pesticides and plant protection products; the soil salinity
hazard in the saplings planted vineyards. In this context, a soil protection system of vineyards was developed and
proposed, based on the organizational, agro-, phyto- and hydro-technical measures.
