Morphopathologicall quantification of uninflammatory pneumopathies in dogs

Abstract

Uninflammatory pneumopathies were microscopically and macrospically diagnosed in 22 cases (73.33%) out of a total of 30 necropsied dogs. A chronic evolution of the essential alveolar emphysema was morphopathologically diagnosed in 3 cases (13,63%). Macroscopically, the lungs were enlarged, with a tense pleura, pale, crepitant with a negative docimasy while microscopically, we could enhance the accentuated distension of the alveoli which presented flat pneumocytes and were accompanied by the rupture of the alveolar walls. Thrombosis of the pulmonary vein was noticed in one case (4,54%), with parietal thrombi present, microscopically, in the lumen of the vessel. A pulmonary red infarction was also diagnosed in one case (4,54%). Macroscopically, at inspection and section, we notice compact dense, dark-red areas, of triangular shape, with the base headed towards the pleura and the top pointed towards the pulmonary parenchyma, towards the obstructed vessel. Microscopically, a hemorrhagic infiltrate could be noticed in the area of necrosis and of coagulation of the pulmonary parenchyma. In 7 cases (31,81%) we have set the diagnosis of active pulmonary congestion. Microscopically we could notice the ectasis of the alveolar capillaries and the congestion of the blood vessels, as well as the presence of well-individualized and intensely stained erythrocytes in the lumen. The passive congestion was identified in 3 cases (13,63%) and it was morphologically expressed through the presence in the capillary lumen and in the lumen of the blood vessels, of glued erythrocytes, accompanied by hemolytic phenomena, septal, mezenchymal reactions, reduction of the respiratory space and beginning of lung sclerosis. The pulmonary edema was morphpathologically identified in six cases (27,27%). Two cases (9,09%) had stasis pulmonary edema microscopically expressed through dilation of the pulmonary alveoli caused by transudate and ectasis of the alveolar capillaries; four cases (18,18%) were diagnosed with inflammatory pulmonary edema-showing leukocytes in the edema liquid and in the lumen of the alveoli and of the bronchi as well as capillary ectasis and desquamated endothelial cells. In one case, (4,54%) with pulmonary dirofilariosis, a calcification of the aorta media could be noticed and microscopically, the disorganization of the media through dilacerations and fragmentation of the elastic fibers, alongside precipitated calcium granules, could be distinguished