Abstract:
The water deficit, extreme temperatures and low atmospheric humidity lead to drought, which is one of the limiting
factors affecting crop quality and quantity. In vitro selection may shorten considerably the time selection of desirable
traits and completes selection in the field. In vitro tissue culture can be used to determine the drought tolerance of the
various varieties assuming that there is a correlation between plant cells in vitro and in vivo. For determining the
resistance to water stress, the research was conducted in the Laboratory of Vegetal Tissue Culture and experience
consisted of two factors: variety and nutritive medium with different osmotic agents. With the increasing amount of
sorbitol and PEG, water absorption becomes difficult for plantlets from nutrient medium and thus was simulate the
effect of drought over microplants. With the increasing amount of sorbitol or PEG into the growth medium, the drought
intensity was bigger. Observations were made for different parameters: the average number of leaves; the average
number of internodes; the average height of plantlet (cm); the average root length (cm); the average weight of fresh
plantlet (mg); the average fresh root weight (mg). This study was performed in order to determine the best osmotic
agent put into the in vitro medium for simulate the water stress, as well as for for testing the particular genotypes
genotypes on different culture media causing selection pressure of water stress.
