Review of goat breeding and herds health status in Romania Évaluation de l'état de santé de troupeaux des chèvres en Roumanie

Abstract

The interest in goat breeding in Romania is growing, our country ranked fourth in Europe, following countries with tradition in the field, such as United Kingdom, Spain and Greece. The goat population grew from 971830 animals in 2006 to 2057309 in 2017. As breeds, the most common are Carpathian and White Banat native goats, followed by French Alpine and Saanen, imported lately to improve milk production. To date, in Romanian literature had been reported researches on goat livestock development, optimization of breeding technologies, genetic improvement of milk production in Carpathian breed, evaluation of physical and chemical parameters of milk and meat, evaluation of goats reproductive function, etc. On the subject of diseases and health problems in goats, there are studies on white muscular disease, paratuberculosis, contagious ecthyma, infectious respiratory disorders, gangrenous mastitis, contagious agalactia, bluetongue, caprine arthritis and encephalitis, and parasitic infections as coccidiosis, tapeworm (Monezia, Cestoda) and round worms (Nematode - Trichostrongylus sp.) infestation, etc. The aspects of health problems in goat livestock, diagnosed and published during the last years, are few and constantly changing, unsystematic and insufficient, even though in Romania there is a national surveillance and control program for goat health status.