Fungus evaluation from seeds germplasm before medium and long term storage

Abstract

During 2000-2016, 213 entries from 29 plant species from different crop groups (cereals, legumes, industrial crops, perennial grasses, vegetables, cucurbits, aromatic and medicinal plants) from core collection of the Suceava Genebank were evaluated from phytosanitary status point of view, before the storing. The seeds testing to the micromycetes incidence in the laboratory by incubating of them on blotting paper substrate and agar medium was performed. Fungal saprophytes from genus as: Alternaria spp., Stemphylium spp., Cladosporium sp., Rhyzopus sp., Epicocum sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Botrytis sp. occurred frequently in seeds samples of the tested crops. Also, 12 fungal parasite were isolated: Sclerospora sp., Diplodia sp., Nigrospora sp. on maize; Drechslera spp. on wheat, barley, rye and flax; Septoria sp. on barley; Fusarium spp. on maize, barley, rye, millet, bean, pea, flax, hemp, peppers, cucumbers; Colletotrichum spp. on maize, bean and faba bean; Sclerotinia sp., Isariopsis sp. and Rhyzoctonia sp. on bean; Verticillium sp. on peppers and okra, Ascochyta sp. on pea. The obtained results were expressed as percentage of the number of fungal isolated from tested samples species, highlighting the existing microflora and need to seed health testing with major importance in maintaing of high quality germplasm avoiding the pathogens preservation and dissemination.